Leonardo da Vinci in XV century, studying human anatomy, has described the changes reminding a cirrhosis of a liver. This so mysterious, inconsistent, frightening condition, that the introduction to this section should sound in spirit of the overture to an opera with the tragical end. Annually of virus cirrhoses of a liver die nearby 2 million person. The cirrhosis of a liver and a cirrhosis-cancer appear the reason of 90-95 % of lethal outcomes of chronic diseases of a liver. Among the reasons of death rate from illnesses of bodies of digestion (excepting a cancer) the cirrhosis wins first place.
What is the cirrhosis of a liver?
The cirrhosis is a process of replacement of normal structure of a liver by the cicatricial fabric getting the form of units. These units not only do not carry out any useful functions, but stir to normal work of a liver, squeezing blood vessels, bilious channels and a normal hepatic fabric. Thus there is an infringement of development and accumulation by a liver of the vital substances (fibers, fats, carbohydrates, hormones), neutralization of poisoning and infectious agents worsens. The liver is a main advanced post which takes up all stream of the substances acting from intestines. Among these substances except for useful, necessary for an organism, meet harmful, toxic, and sometimes and connections dangerous to an organism which the liver neutralizes and returns in intestines together with bile. And if the liver works badly substances poisoning an organism get into blood.
The most frequent reasons of development of a cirrhosis
The most frequent reasons of development of a cirrhosis are viruses of hepatites B and C, and abusing alcohol. The alcoholism is a principal cause. Precisely it is not established, what term and what quantity of alcohol are necessary for development of a cirrhosis. The majority sick of this illness, at least, within 10 years daily drank not less than 0,5 l strong spirits or some litres of wine or beer. The more daily doze of alcohol, the will more quickly develop a cirrhosis. At women the smaller use of alcohol conducts to its development. At 10-20 % sick of a chronic hepatites B and C the cirrhosis of a liver develops. Alcohol-virus cirrhoses especially hard proceed. They most often pass in a cancer of a liver. There is a hereditary predisposition to development of rare forms of a cirrhosis. Approximately at 10-20 % of patients the reason to establish it is not possible.
The basic displays of disease and its complications
80 % of cirrhoses proceed imperceptibly, not drawing of attention the patient, the doctor. Other patients complain of undue fatiguability, a pain in right hypochondrium, a swelling of a stomach, periodic dimness wet, loss of flesh, propensity to "bruises", reddening of palms. At many patients disease is distinguished only at development of complications: accumulation of a liquid in a stomach, infringement of consciousness, bleedings from a gullet and a stomach, a jaundice. The healthy liver protects a brain from toxins, and at a cirrhosis blood, not being cleared by a liver from harmful substances, acts in a brain. There is an infringement of thinking, memory. 60-90 % of a cancer of a liver develop on a background of a cirrhosis. A cancer at early stages to distinguish difficultly, its displays accept for attributes of progressing of a cirrhosis. More often the tumour proves pains in a stomach. Sometimes it is possible to grope mass in right hypochondrium.
How to be surveyed, where to be treated?
If you suspect at yourselves this disease it is necessary for you to address for consultation to the doctor-hepatologist. Normally doctor will appoint to you inspection: analyses of blood, ultrasonic research of bodies of a belly cavity, endoscopy of a gullet and a stomach. The some should be made computer research of a stomach, and it is possible also a puncture of a liver for a choice of the most correct program of treatment. You need to be constantly under supervision of hepatologist, periodically to come on consultation for the control of a state of health, delivery of analyses, corrections of treatment. And if at you have developed complications (accumulation of a liquid in a stomach, bleedings) to you will have to lay down in hospital.
If you have a cirrhosis of a liver
Alcohol as it promotes progressing of disease is categorically counter-indicative. If you do not have complications of a cirrhosis special restrictions of a food allowance it is not required. At this disease the lowered maintenance kalium in blood is often found out, therefore it is necessary to include in a diet of more fruit (bananas, dried fruits), rich kalium. If has developed abdominal dropsy (a liquid in a stomach) it is necessary for you to limit reception salt also liquids. At infringements of memory, thinking, drowsiness in the afternoon and a sleeplessness at night in a diet limit products rich to fiber. Many medicines are harmful to a liver, therefore be not engaged in self-treatment. Before to make a decision on reception of any medicine, consult at the doctor-hepatologist.
