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How to diagnosis and differential diagnosis of acute pelvic inflammatory disease

Friday, July 30, 2010 · Posted in

　　(A) direct smear secretion
　　Sampling for vaginal, cervical secretions, or urethral secretions, or peritoneal fluid (via the posterior vaginal fornix, abdominal, or laparoscopic access), so direct thin smear, dried with blue or Gram stain. Where PMN double within the gram-negative bacteria to see who was infected with gonorrhea. The detection rate for cervical gonococcal only
　　67% smear-negative and therefore can not exist other than gonorrhea, and positive smear is very specific. Microscopic examination of Chlamydia trachomatis monoclonal antibody fluorescein dye can be used, where the observed fluorescence microscope flashing dots of a star as the positive.
　　(B) the pathogens isolated from patients Ibid, immediately or in the 30s will be inoculated in the Thayer-Martin medium, 35 ℃ incubator training set 48h, in order to identify bacteria glycolysis. The new determination of the relative speed of Chlamydia enzyme instead of the traditional detection methods chlamydia, can also be used on mammalian cell culture for Chlamydia trachomatis antigen detection, the legal systems of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The average sensitivity of 89.5%, and 98.4% specificity.
　　Bacterial culture can also be other strains of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and as the basis for selection of antibiotics.
　　(C) of the posterior fornix puncture
　　Puncture after the dome is the most common gynecological acute abdomen and valuable diagnostic methods. Through the puncture, and the resulting nest abdominal contents or the contents of the uterus rectum, such as the normal peritoneal fluid, blood (fresh, stale, coagulation wire, etc.), purulent secretions or pus, so diagnosis can be further defined, Microscopic examination of biopsy material and culture are essential.
　　(D) ultrasound is mainly B-type or gray scale ultrasound scanning, photo film, the technology for identification from the fallopian tube, ovarian and bowel adhesion formation in the mass or abscess with 85% accuracy. However mild or moderate degree of pelvic inflammatory disease is difficult in the B-ultrasound image in the show feature.
　　(E) laparoscopy, if not diffuse peritonitis, the patient is still generally good, laparoscopy can be suspected pelvic inflammatory disease or pelvic inflammatory disease and other patients in acute abdomen, laparoscopy was not only the diagnosis and differential diagnosis can also pelvic inflammatory disease extent preliminary determination.
　　(F) inspection of a male partner which helps women in the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease. Desirability of their male partners to make a direct smear of urethral discharge Gonococcus staining or culture, if found positive, it is the strongest evidence, especially in the asymptomatic or the symptoms of mild to severe. Or more of the white blood cells can be found. If PID patients of all men with untreated, regardless of whether they had symptoms of urethritis, then obviously the reduction of recurrence is very significant.
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The general classification of prostate cancer pathology

Saturday, August 30, 2008 · Posted in

1. Latent prostate cancer: is not in his prostate disease symptoms and signs, in the autopsy after death by pathological examination revealed the primary adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Potential prostate cancer can occur in any location, but to the central area and peripheral areas common, and often well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Its incidence of foreign reported a 15% to 50%. My urinary Research Institute reported latent prostate cancer incidence rate was 34%. Statistical studies show that the incidence of prostate cancer may be hidden with the environment and genetic factors.
2. Sporadic prostate cancer: Clinical to benign prostatic hyperplasia as the main symptoms, in the resection of prostate hyperplasia, histological examination revealed prostate cancer. Its histological differentiation better performance for adenocarcinoma, and to sieve-like tubular adenocarcinoma adenocarcinoma based, a small number of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, sporadic abroad prostate cancer incidence rate of 10% to 30%. Domestic morbidity reports to about 5%.
3. Misprision of prostate cancer: patients without symptoms and signs of prostate disease, but in lymph node biopsy or specimens for pathological examination confirmed prostate cancer. And then after prostate biopsy has been further confirmed. Such serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase levels increased. PSA and biopsy done (or) PAP immunohistochemistry staining were positive.
4. Clinical prostate cancer: clinical examination (referring to consultation, ultrasound, CT or MRI, etc.) for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, and a biopsy confirmed. Also available through PAP patients with increased serum PSA and to assist diagnosis. Most patients can touch DRE prostate nodules, ultrasonography suggested that prostate nodule is not structured shape, Echo Echo low and uneven.
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What is cured after gastric ulcer recurrence

Wednesday, July 9, 2008 · Posted in

Gastric ulcer recurrence rate is high, up around 80 percent. Because of gastric ulcer is a chronic, recurrent natural ease and the tendency, so most people think, alleviate the symptoms of acute ulcer easy, difficult to prevent ulcer recurrence. It can be said that the prevention of the recurrence of ulcers, treatment of ulcer disease is the most difficult part, because it not only requires us to understand the incidence of gastric ulcer factors. And requires that we understand their recurrence, but at present these issues have not yet fully understand, so to resolve recurrent problems are certain difficulties. The recurrence of a common factor: ulcer cure does not adhere to medication maintenance therapy, physical fatigue, anxiety, stress, insomnia, excessive smoking, improper diet, drugs and irritation of the infection. If perfect, too acid, spicy foods to stimulate long-term use of aspirin, Bao Tai Song, hormone drugs. The following measures to reduce relapse frequency and extent of martial law. (1) the full treatment of active ulcer disease. (2) avoid alcohol, tobacco, coffee, Nongcha, stimulating drugs and food. (3) adequate rest and sleep. (4) to avoid long-term mental stress, anxiety and so on. (5) positive treatment of respiratory tract infections and other infections between. (6) the slightest signs of recurrence, or a mild symptoms, immediately strict treatment
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Dilated cardiomyopathy cause of the pathology

Wednesday, June 25, 2008 · Posted in

Heart weight increase, which is about twice the normal. The heart enlargement, myocardial grey and relaxation. Although the heart wall myocardial hypertrophy, but room cavity wall thickness is still room to expand and close to normal. Endocardium can also be thickened. Cavity wall containing many see thrombosis. Common myocardial fibrosis, a focal distributed in the wall of the inner edge, a wall-damaged Kexin, pacing the heart of the conduction system violations may be. The heart of the microscope examination found that the lack of specificity. Fiber can see myocardial hypertrophy, condensation nuclei, deformation or disappeared, a cavity formed within the cytoplasm. More fibrous tissue, or because of increased collagen organization, or focal myocardial fiber was replaced by fibrous tissue. Myocardial fiber cable can be of fiber-like organization by the partition. Endocardial in the collagen and elastic fibers has also increased. Different degrees of degeneration can see that most of myocardial cells dissolved, especially more common in cases of long duration. Electron microscopy see myocardial mitochondrial swelling, broken or disappeared ridge; muscle serous space to expand, fibrous material and the granular lipofuscin; myofibril can disappear. Cardiomyopathy contraction of the heart weakened. Early capacity, such as left ventricular systolic left ventricular pressure increased slow down, slow down the speed of Penxue. At this point stroke volume decreased by compensatory accelerated heart rate, cardiac output can still maintain. After the left ventricle not emptying, the residual blood, end-diastolic pressure increased, the progressive development of left heart failure. Long left atrium, pulmonary artery pressure have increased in the last right heart failure. A small number of cases of disease mainly to the right ventricle, the development of right heart failure. Ventricle of the heart valve ring expansion to expand, resulting in the tricuspid valve or mitral regurgitation. Cavity expansion, increased tension within the heart wall, oxygen consumption increased, myocardial hypertrophy, accelerated heart rate caused relatively myocardial ischemia, and myocardial oxygen perturbation has the ability to limit and thus can cause angina. Cardiomyopathy involves pacing and transmission system can cause all kinds of arrhythmia.
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How acute renal failure diagnosis

Wednesday, June 18, 2008 · Posted in

Should be asked in detail about whether history of acute renal failure caused factors; correct or rule out the reasons for the lack of blood volume caused oliguria; Niaobi Chong conducted to determine the proportion of highly suspicious 1.018, 1.014 in the proportion of the value of a diagnosis, a routine urine protein, cells , Possession of, in particular type of kidney failure even greater significance; urine osmotic pressure of less than 350 ml / l; urinary sodium greater than 40 mmol / L, urine and serum creatinine creatinine ratio of less than 10, renal failure index greater than 2; monitoring of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen and a straight-line rise to modern acid and electrolyte imbalance can be confirmed. If so B-ultrasonic inspection of bilateral renal increased nail normal creatinine of more support for acute renal failure diagnosis.
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Pregnant women postpartum acute mastitis prevention and treatment

Monday, June 16, 2008 · Posted in

Experts advise: in the first days after childbirth, to ensure that as early as suck, suck ground, on-demand breast-feeding; learn how to correctly position the breast-feeding; as far as possible not to the baby sucking pacifiers, so as to avoid the impression nipple; even if not enough breast milk, but also to make full baby Suck on both sides of the breast, can increase Hey Dai Rupin. Through physical therapy to clear the local, supplemented by milking practices, can quickly ease the expansion milk, milk to the smooth, less than a week can be cured. But in a milk pool, the timely evacuation of breast, milking their mothers should have difficulties to hospital as soon as possible to prevent mastitis. As many post-natal maternal initial contact with babies, often Shoumangjiaoluan, and failed to master the skills of breast-feeding, infant Chinai do not understand the habits, often when breast-feeding will not let baby milk by exhaust, causing siltation in breast milk in the leaflet. Once in Junlie nipple, breast-feeding will cause severe pain, the full impact of maternal breast-feeding. In addition, some mothers nipple dysplasia, such as nipple invagination, but also hindered the conduct of breast-feeding. Early maternal milk contains more shedding of epithelial cells, more easily lead to the obstruction of milk, milk increased siltation. The deposition of milk and tend to make the breast tissue to reduce the vitality of the invasion of the growth of the bacteria to create favorable conditions, if not in time to clear prone to mastitis. If acute mastitis in early aggressive treatment, it can prevent the spread of inflammation, but quickly recovered.
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How is it diagnosed women vaginismus

Wednesday, June 11, 2008 · Posted in

Vaginismus diagnosis is not difficult, all in sexual intercourse before or during sex, vaginal occurred involuntary spasm of the continued contraction, can be diagnosed. Vaginismus can be divided into four. Ⅰ level: vaginismus only in certain specified circumstances occur. If sexual intercourse before caressing the time is too short, brutal sexual intercourse, sexual intercourse or the environment, such as unsafe. In the vaginal muscle spasm limited to the perineal muscles and Tigang muscles. Ⅱ level: a spasm of muscles, not only confined to the perineal muscles, but spread to the entire pelvic muscles. Or in a variety of conditions can occur under vaginismus, which can not be sexual intercourse. Ⅲ grade: vaginismus not only the pelvic muscles in spasm, and the whole hip to all who could not help but raise, which is due to have taken place in the hip muscle frequent spastic contraction of the results. Because of frequent hip muscle spasm, so that sexual intercourse is impossible. Ⅳ level: a spasm, not only the hip muscle spasm of contraction, who could not help but to Shangtai buttocks and legs with incoming and strongly back the withdrawal of the body, and even yelling screaming, there panic reaction. This response is not actually caused by sexual intercourse or gynaecological examinations, but the sexual partners or close to the inspection and feeling the response. Whenever the feeling of sexual activity or to check that a panic reaction. Patients with heart very painful, often carrying on her husband's Fujiu flu but unable to overcome, and the cause it is difficult.
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New micro-bubble VarisolveR safe and effective treatment of varicose veins

Tuesday, June 10, 2008 · Posted in

British BTG claims that its subsidiary Provensis the company of the two pilot studies show that their new micro-bubble VarisolveR safe and effective treatment of varicose veins. Test in England and the South Manchester University A Boding Royal Hospital. Originally prepared for surgical treatment of 41 patients with moderate to severe varicose veins patients involved in the study, patients within one week to accept one or two injections of the drug treatment, all patients with the treatment the same day or the next day that is able to resume normal work. B-examination to show that the narrow varicose veins and venous flow of the abnormal blood-flow as vanish success criteria, the total efficiency of 81%, and the effect of a surgical method. The United States and Europe have more than 150 million patients with severe varicose veins in each of 4 million new patients. Manchester study for Dr. Charles McCollum of Varisolve method is full of confidence that as long as a suitable treatment of doctors, equipment and technology, external use this method in the hospital to the treatment of patients with varicose veins are obvious, but very little discomfort. Efficacy and surgical methods rather, do not produce scars healing without pain. Researchers believe, VarisolveR satisfied with the effect of therapy, from time to patient treatment, is expected to replace surgery to treat varicose veins.
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Varices surgical incision is not the results of suture

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April 4, tissue adhesion of 2 - butyl - cyanoacrylate of varicose veins surgical incision can be closed. Second University of Naples, Italy, the Institute of general surgery Silvestro Canonico and his colleagues on the 18 leg varicose veins of young women (average age was 23 years old) is taken from a vein to the external part of the saphenous vein stripping. Do not have to suture the wound, but by adhesion of 2 - butyl - cyanoacrylate adhesive. Pliers through the linear stretch the skin so that the edge of a good, and then use the adhesive agent, and it solidified. Less than 0.5 ml of the adhesion could be closed all the wounds. For seven days on whether the wound infection, dehiscence, and other organizations to assess response. In six months the adoption of an effective visual analogue score for all patients to assess the effect of beauty, is using a 100 mm line of the assessment, its most far right as "the worst scars," the extreme left as "the best Scar. " All patients accepted the organization on whether to accept the adhesion of the skin suture investigation. Application of adhesion of skin off the average time required for 117 seconds. All patients were followed up six months. After 7 days in the no side effects. June after a visual analogue score wound healing methods to evaluate the results of 22.2 ± 13.8 mm (best score). The best scoring percentage of 94.4 percent, only one patient (5.6%), ideal for scoring. The patient survey shows that the method is very easy to be accepted. Do not use the method of suturing the incision closed varices the preliminary findings are encouraging. For varicose veins surgery, this fast, with the effect of beauty wound closure methods may replace the skin suture method.
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What is the reversible renal failure factors

Thursday, May 8, 2008 · Posted in

Clinical common reversible factors: (1) infections: respiratory tract and urinary tract infection is the most common. (2) urinary tract obstruction: urinary tract stones, BPH is the most common. (3) blood pressure: This is the most common chronic renal failure symptoms, but sustained high blood pressure will affect kidney function. Antihypertensive treatment can be different levels to improve kidney function. (4) inappropriate use of renal toxicity of drugs: such as sugar-type antibiotics, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, such as sexual. (5) cells, fluid loss: If nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, excessive and inappropriate, such as inadequate water intake. (6) improper diet: If excessive consumption of protein. (7) overworked. (8) electrolyte imbalance: as low calcium, low potassium or high-K. (9) primary disease: such as lupus nephritis after proper treatment, kidney function can be improved or reversed. (10) drug allergy.
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What are the acute glomerulonephritis complications »

Tuesday, April 29, 2008 · Posted in

The acute phase of the major complications of congestive cycle of a serious state of hypertensive encephalopathy and acute renal failure. Along with the prevention and control work in recent years to strengthen its incidence and mortality has decreased significantly. 1. Cycle of congestive Status: because Shuinazhuliu, blood volume dried up, until pulmonary edema. Each reported incidence varies with the severity, treatment-related. China reported 50 to 60 years to be hospitalized children with acute nephritis 24% to 27% of such complications to see, in recent years, the report has dropped to 2.4 percent. Many occurred in the onset of acute nephritis after 1 to 2 weeks. Clinical performance for the short breath, not sits flat chest tightness, coughing, lung wet-end audio, liver great tenderness, Benma law, and other symptoms of heart failure around, the result caused by expansion of blood volume, and cardiac pumps dried up and really different. At this time of a stroke more often and are not reduced, the normal cycle time, moving no more blood oxygen difference, and digitalis type shot in the arm to poor efficiency, and the application of diuretics often to ease. Very few can develop severe to the real heart failure, in a few hours to 1 to 2 days of rapidly emerging and life-threatening pulmonary edema. 2. Hypertensive encephalopathy: that blood pressure (especially the diastolic blood pressure) dramatically increased, in terms of a central nervous system symptoms. General多见children than adults. Generally believe that this disease is systemic hypertension on the basis of resistance to the brain caused small vasospasm cerebral hypoxia caused cerebral edema, but some people feel that is a sharp increase blood pressure, cerebral vascular with the regulatory function of the automatic systolic and diastolic out of control, A high degree of cerebral vascular congestion, also a result of cerebral edema, acute nephritis the Shuinazhuliu also play a role in the pathogenesis. Many occurred in the early course of acute nephritis, a general acute onset, severe headache for the performance, frequent nausea and vomiting, followed by visual disturbances, confusion, double vision, temporary and Mongolia, and lethargy or irritability, if not timely Treatment occurred convulsions, coma, a small number of temporary hemiplegia aphasia, when severe cerebral hernia. Nervous system have no limitations signs, light reflection and tendon reflexes may weaken or disappear, sometimes ankle clonic positive, but also a reflection pathology, may have serious signs and symptoms of cerebral hernia. Fundus examination common retinal arteries spasm, and sometimes the foreseeable edema optic papilla. CSF Qingliang, pressure and protein in normal or slightly increased. Such as blood pressure more than 18.7/12.0 kPa (140/90mmHg), and with visual impairment, convulsions and coma for three to a diagnosis. 3. Acute renal failure: a significant portion of children with acute nephritis in the acute phase have varying degrees of azotemia, but the progress for acute renal failure, only a very small number. Complications is still lack of effective preventive measures, acute nephritis has become the leading cause of death. Clinical manifestations of oliguria or urine, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine increase, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis. Oliguria or urine for three to five or more than one week, then increase the amount of urine, the symptoms disappeared, kidney function gradually resumed. 4, secondary bacterial infection, acute nephritis due to lower body resistance and easy to secondary infection, the most common is the lung and urinary tract infection, in case of secondary infection, should be actively symptomatic treatment, so as to avoid the original disease Heavier.
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What are the symptoms of neonatal hepatitis?

Tuesday, April 22, 2008 · Posted in

An infant with neonatal hepatitis usually has jaundice (yellow eyes and skin) that appears at one to two months of age. Jaundice occurs when the flow of bile from the liver is blocked due to an inflammation or obstruction of the bile ducts. Since bile is essential in the digestion of fats and absorption of fat soluble vitamins, a child with neonatal hepatitis may fail to gain weight and grow normally. The infant will also have an enlarged liver and spleen.
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What is the erosive gastritis?

Sunday, April 20, 2008 · Posted in

Also known as gastric erosion, Can be diagnosed by endoscopy, gastric means confined to the shallow ulcers, but the depth of myometrial not more than mucosa, which can be differentiated from gastric ulcer. Gastroscopy can be divided into: ① verrucous Gastritis: gastric mucosa, or a single-round uplift of the Central Government to umbilical-like depression, that is rotten to the core. ② flat erosive gastritis: Gastric on a very shallow depression, the coverage above the thin white or yellow moss. ③ bleeding erosive gastritis: in the erosion on the basis of that bright red or brown lesions bleeding. ④ point erosion: erosive lesions showed punctate distribution, color red. Similar symptoms can be chronic gastritis, upper abdominal pain or discomfort, nausea, Bao Chan, a serious and hematemesis (or) black it.
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How to diagnose drug-induced hepatitis?

Monday, April 7, 2008 · Posted in

(1) for patients with liver diseases, consideration should be given to the possibility of drug-induced, it should be asked in detail about the history of medication, such as dosage, administration and the beginning of time to stop, such as the interval from the onset. Literature data show that about 50% to 70% of patients with drug-induced hepatitis after treatment in two weeks, the incidence of about 80% -90% in the eight weeks of incidence. In addition, should also be aware of the occupational contact with drugs or chemicals.
(2) whether the attention of fever, skin and mucous damage, skin rashes, joint pain and eosinophilia, and other allergic symptoms. We must pay attention to the size of the liver, because some drugs can cause asymptomatic hepatomegaly.
(3) It should be noted with acute and chronic viral hepatitis, obstructive jaundice and cirrhosis of identification, such as.
(4) liver biopsy examination, we can see that portal District inflammation, and a large number of eosinophil infiltration and cholestasis, it is conducive to drug-induced hepatitis diagnosis.
(5) Some people think that after the resumption of the liver, skin allergies do drugs test in the diagnosis of help. Some people recommend using a small dose of the drug provocation test, were measured before and after the administration of a variety of serum enzyme activity, many times in a row after the administration of significantly higher than before treatment could be considered drug-induced hepatitis. Drug provocation test but only 40% to 60% positive, and some duplication of administration a long time, provocation test there is still a risk, it can not be used lightly.
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NPC common symptoms and treatment

Thursday, April 3, 2008 · Posted in

Is a common malignancy, particularly in the South China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan), the most common. Middle-aged male high incidence of. More research on the etiology, but has yet to fully identify, and may be genetic, EB virus infection, and environmental factors, such as the chemical carcinogen. Symptom: hidden location in the nasopharynx, inspection difficult, the early symptoms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at the same time more complex, the lack of features, is easy to be neglected, delayed diagnosis and treatment, and must be vigilant. Common symptoms are: ① Bleeding: Sniff mainly in the blood after Ren, a bloody nose or nose. Bloodshot often start a small, easily overlooked until more amount of bleeding, often in all lesions have been advanced. ② headache: Early can be a headache, but more preferred side, with intermittent; appeared late persistent severe headache, easy to mistakenly believe that neural migraine. ③ cervical lymphadenopathy: unilateral or bilateral neck in mass incompetence of hard, activities of the poor, and often easy to mistakenly believe that the lymph nodes or lymph node inflammation. ④ other symptoms: Apart from the performance of one or all of the above symptoms, but also a stuffy nose, ears closed, tinnitus, and the Department of numbness, diplopia, down on dangerous symptoms. Yi advanced to the intracranial tumor violations and bone, liver, lung and other distant metastasis. Diagnosis: nasopharyngeal examination is painful swelling that the most effective and reliable means of the final diagnosis depends on biopsy sections. EB virus serological examination to early detection. B-liver and spleen, chest, skull base cat photos or CT scan checks for understanding diseases such as violations of distant metastasis, and whether or not meaningful. Radiation is the main method of treatment, anti-cancer drugs can be used in conjunction with radiotherapy mention of the mass may consider surgery or other treatment.
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NPC common symptoms and treatment

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Is a common malignancy, particularly in the South China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan), the most common. Middle-aged male high incidence of. More research on the etiology, but has yet to fully identify, and may be genetic, EB virus infection, and environmental factors, such as the chemical carcinogen. Symptom: hidden location in the nasopharynx, inspection difficult, the early symptoms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at the same time more complex, the lack of features, is easy to be neglected, delayed diagnosis and treatment, and must be vigilant. Common symptoms are: ① Bleeding: Sniff mainly in the blood after Ren, a bloody nose or nose. Bloodshot often start a small, easily overlooked until more amount of bleeding, often in all lesions have been advanced. ② headache: Early can be a headache, but more preferred side, with intermittent; appeared late persistent severe headache, easy to mistakenly believe that neural migraine. ③ cervical lymphadenopathy: unilateral or bilateral neck in mass incompetence of hard, activities of the poor, and often easy to mistakenly believe that the lymph nodes or lymph node inflammation. ④ other symptoms: Apart from the performance of one or all of the above symptoms, but also a stuffy nose, ears closed, tinnitus, and the Department of numbness, diplopia, down on dangerous symptoms. Yi advanced to the intracranial tumor violations and bone, liver, lung and other distant metastasis. Diagnosis: nasopharyngeal examination is painful swelling that the most effective and reliable means of the final diagnosis depends on biopsy sections. EB virus serological examination to early detection. B-liver and spleen, chest, skull base cat photos or CT scan checks for understanding diseases such as violations of distant metastasis, and whether or not meaningful. Radiation is the main method of treatment, anti-cancer drugs can be used in conjunction with radiotherapy mention of the mass may consider surgery or other treatment.
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NPC common clinical symptoms

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NPC location concealment, with eyes, ears, nose and throat, bone and skull base neurosurgery, and other vital organs adjacent, is easily in the mucosa under the direct invasion to adjacent organs or lymph node metastasis in the biological behavior, symptoms change or not obvious, and often the patient or the physician negligence. Many patients often first medicine, surgery, neurology, ophthalmology treatment, several twists and turns before the ENT or radiotherapy Branch diagnosis and treatment. As early nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumor small, with the mucosal surface or submucosal invasion, tumors involving the eustachian tube openings, it can have no symptoms. Early symptoms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma retraction of the blood T to the most, followed by hearing loss, tinnitus, ear, such as occlusion.
NPC common symptoms are: (1) cervical lymphadenopathy: nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with cervical lymph node enlargement as the first symptom of 36.5%, when the treatment of cervical lymph node metastasis of 70.6%.
(2) withdrawal of blood T or epistaxis: retraction of the blood T usually get up in the morning after I Hengchu blood from the nose, with little blood, patients often neglect, or as a medicine to hemoptysis Pulmonary Branch or attendance. As nasopharyngeal cavity relatively brittle tumor angiogenesis, tumor appearance mucosa often not covered, it is easy to blood T symptoms. Retraction of the blood T is one of the early symptoms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, patients and physicians should arouse attention.
(3) tinnitus, hearing loss, ear occlusion flu: NPC in nasopharyngeal lateral, or side Waterloo eustachian tube openings upper lip, tumor compression of the eustachian tube can occur unilateral tinnitus or hearing loss, but also He card in otitis media. Unilateral tinnitus or hearing loss, ear occlusion flu is one of the early symptoms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
(4) headache: headache often side of migraine in forehead, temporal or occipital. Light, headache without treatment, weight will be required to serve analgesics, and even injecting painkillers. There are many reasons for headaches, but brain damage or destruction of the skull base is often a headache one of the reasons. Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma headache may be the first one trigeminal nerve endings in the epidural nerve stimulation reflex caused by the Department.
(5) nasal: nasopharyngeal carcinoma occur in the anterior wall of the nasopharynx top, it is easy to rear of the nasal cavity, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma CT examination of the nasal cavity of 42.9%. Treatment of the nasal symptoms 48.6%.
(6)-MA: It refers to facial skin numbness, pain and clinical examination for tactile diminish or disappear. Chang entered the cavernous sinus tumor caused a trigeminal nerve section or two impaired tumor invasion foramen ovale, before the styloid process, the trigeminal nerve from the first three regular front of the ear, temporal, cheek, lower lip and chin skin and numbness or paresthesia.
(7) diplopia: As the tumor invasion outreach nerve, often caused outside of a double as video. Pulley nerve involvement, often caused inward strabismus, diplopia. Often associated with trigeminal nerve damage.
(8) tongue muscle atrophy and Shengua deviation: a direct violation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis to lymph nodes or poststyloid or hypoglossal canal, the hypoglossal nerve involvement, the disease caused Shengua preferred side, tongue side with disease atrophy. If bilateral hypoglossal nerve damage caused Shen She will be difficult. Shengua after the deflection rate of Ma, diplopia.
(9) ptosis, eyeball fixed: oculomotor nerve damage. Eyesight diminish or disappear with the orbital optic nerve damage or violations of the cone. Qinge and swallowing difficulties and vagus nerve, the glossopharyngeal nerve damage.
(10) menopause: As NPC first symptom very rare, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma invading the sphenoid sinus and pituitary.
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NPC vigilance unilateral tinnitus signal

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When blood nose, a neck mass, people will not suspect had nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, with nasopharyngeal carcinoma Another important symptom - the exact cause of the unilateral tinnitus occurs, people often do not attach importance to, delays diagnosis and treatment. According to statistics, the number of nasopharyngeal cancer treatment, about half of the phenomenon of tinnitus patients.
The nasopharynx and middle ear cavity between the eustachian tube the same root, it can be adjusted in the middle ear cavity pressure, and internal and external pressure to maintain the balance of the tympanic membrane. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma occur in the nasopharynx of the drum opening in the vicinity of tumor suppression eustachian tube openings, resulting in obstruction, NPC tinnitus truth in this.
Therefore, once an identifiable cause of unilateral tinnitus, especially in the age of men over 30 years of age, have closed ears phenomenon, should be highly vigilant against the possibility of pharyngeal cancer.
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What is the cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

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Genetic factors: nasopharyngeal carcinoma were seen mainly in the yellow people. South China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Fujian), and other provinces and some Southeast Asian countries is the world's highest incidence rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma region. Guangdong Province again Guangzhou, Foshan, Zhaoqing and other areas of the highest incidence rates per 100,000 males in the 18 to 27 individuals have breast cancer, while women accounted for 8 to 9. Even if the high incidence area who moved to distant, as to the northeast, their descendants are still maintaining a very high incidence tendency This shows that the occurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has obvious racial sensitivity. In addition, both in the high incidence area or in low-incidence areas, can be found familial aggregation of the tendency. For example, the census found in this typical example, a three generations of 49 people, 10 people suffering from cancer, of which 9 were nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It can be said that genetic factors in the etiology of the NPC plays an important role.
Virus: 1964, it was Africa's children from the successful cultivation of malignant lymphoma cells in a tumor, under electron microscopy, and found a large number of herpes virus particles, and was named EB virus, but studies have shown that this virus and nasopharyngeal closely related to cancer. For example, the serum of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the EB virus antigen specificity of the antibody response, and the amount of antibodies from early to late in the development process of growing; EB virus exists in a large number of nasopharyngeal carcinoma biopsies; EB virus will not only enable human tissues, but also closer to human primates malignant change in the organization, with a clear role to the tumor, and so on. Based on these results, some people might even think that EB virus is the cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Environmental carcinogens factors: Many studies and experimental results show that the NPC and the high incidence area in the living environment, with food, clothing, shelter and transportation contacts in a number of carcinogenic substances. For example, many high incidence area residents at an early age like to salted fish, salted fish containing more nitrosamine compounds in the patient's household dust contains a lot of the multi-ring aromatic hydrocarbons; In addition, in areas with high air, water, food even in the patient's hair trace elements contain more nickel, and so on, these substances are considered to have a carcinogenic effect. On the NPC and the relationship between environmental carcinogens, there are some different views.
In short, nasopharyngeal carcinoma in secret, people also need to be further explored.
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Polyp disease

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Common for nasal polyps is the result of extreme mucosal edema of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in the role of gravity down and gradually formed. That the majority of chronic infection and allergic disease is the likely cause. A recent discovery and tolerance of adverse horse-lam, endogenous systemic diseases such as asthma are closely linked.
Disease: 1. Persistent stuffy nose, smell diminishes, occlusive nasal, sleep and snoring mouth breathing. 2. Have runny nose, headache, tinnitus, ear hearing loss and nausea. 3. Mucus polyps, pretty close to the bark, or in fresh grapes Liqirou-smooth surface translucent, was pink, with a small number from the middle meatus, the soft touch activities. 4. Bleeding polyp (less) smooth surface, congestive, and the soft touch and easy bleeding. 5. Fibrous polyps were gray, smooth surface, it is not inconsistent with the more bleeding. 6. Multiple polyps often from the ethmoid sinus, a single polyps grow more from the maxillary sinus, into the nostrils after "polyp." 7. Increased nasal polyps larger, long-term denial of medical treatment, can be induced by nasal dorsum wide a "nose frog."
Primarily for the treatment of nasal polyps surgical resection, but the early-onset symptoms of nasal polyps lighter, drug treatment may sometimes be controlled. Nasal polyps after anti-infection and anti-allergy treatment to reduce polyp recurrence.
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