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The etiology of heart failure in children caused a lot during heart failure in children less than 1 year old to the highest incidence rates, particularly in the areas of congenital heart disease were the most common cause, endocardial fibroelastosis, dilated cardiomyopathy, congenital heart disease also an important reason. Induced heart failure often causes bronchial pneumonia, severe anemia, electrolyte imbalance and lack of...

1. Infants with heart failure should distinguish between the following: (1) with gas and severe pneumonia and bronchiolitis: Children have difficulty in breathing, pulse and breathing fast, and so by signs. Since emphysema and diaphragm decline in the liver can Lexia 2 to 3 cm in touch. Signs similar to the above with heart failure, but not to expand its heart, liver blunt edge not round. (2) Purple congenital...

(1) cardiac disease spastic see more women. Long course of disease, symptoms, light weight, and often with the spirit of factors, vomiting food to the traffic flow, a means of radiation inspection esophageal smooth narrow funnel-shaped. Antispasmodic agents can sometimes application expansion. Esophageal mucosa profiling rules, the top of esophageal stenosis expansion more obvious.(2) radiation esophageal diverticulum esophageal...

Speaking of esophageal cancer, we may not unfamiliar, because it is more common in our country a malignant tumor. For esophageal cancer and the number of deaths due to cancer of all deaths in the 1 / 5, second only to gastric cancer, in second place. Why are there so many people suffering from esophageal cancer? In fact, many factors have carcinogenic effects, if people do not pay attention to these factors, the cancer may be...

(1) smoking some high incidence area residents esophageal cancer, smoking rate is very high, and some of the residents do not smoke, very rare esophageal cancer. This is because cigarettes contain several nitrosamines, a carcinogenic nitrosamines have a strong role.(2) drinking Western Europe and North America the survey found that many patients with a large number of drinking wine or most of the workers and staff. Patients with...

Esophageal cancer is the world some countries and regions common malignancy. The World Health Organization released statistics show that the mortality rates of esophageal cancer in China as the highest male death of esophageal cancer for the second place, after gastric cancer. Esophageal cancer is the third woman, after gastric cancer and cervical cancer.China's great differences in the incidence, Henan, Hebei, Shanxi provinces...

Dysphagia is the early symptoms of esophageal cancer. Initially only after swallowing food Ougan sternum after stagnation or foreign body sensation, does not affect consumption, and sometimes was intermittent, and often do not pay attention to. After emerging Yanxia sexual difficulties, whenever that is, flu Yanxia eating difficulties, the first solid food stems gagging flu, and then for the development of the semi-liquid, liquid...

The disease should identify with the following diseases:(1) of esophageal achalasia patients with a predilection for young women, of course, be re-light symptoms. Esophageal barium meal examination showed lower esophageal a smooth funnel-shaped narrow, Antispasmodic agents can use the expansion. (2) benign esophageal stenosis can be swallowed Fushiji, esophageal burns, foreign body injury, such as chronic ulcers caused by the...

　　Q: My father has been more than 70 years old, in a major hospital diagnosis of advanced esophageal cancer, the doctor said surgery has not only carried out chemotherapy, radiotherapy, medicine and other non-surgical treatment. How can early detection of esophageal cancer?A: The symptoms do not obvious early esophageal cancer, cancer of the esophagus only confined to the mucosal layer, the scope of generally less than 2 cm, but...

Bad eating habits: Food and rough, quality hardware and eating overheating, excessive drinking, and so on, are concerned with the incidence of esophageal cancer.Other esophageal lesions: Some esophageal lesions, such as esophageal achalasia, esophagitis, benign esophageal stenosis, esophageal mucosa, such as leukoplakia patients with esophageal disease, the higher the incidence of esophageal cancer, esophageal mucosa lesions may...

Promoting women's self-breast examination, easy early detection of breast abnormalities. Regularly carry out census of breast cancer prevention, early detection easy, early diagnosis and early treatment, early treatment can improve survival rates and reduce the relapse rate, a very important practical significance.Is a benign disease of the breast cell proliferation diseases, but there are still a small number of atypical hyperplasia...

The etiology of breast cancer:Judging from the current clinical practice as well as in animal experiments, and other relevant information and analysis of the incidence of breast cancer related to the following factors:1, hormone secretion disorder: the so-called hormone disorder mainly refers to estrogen secretion disorder. Because in the age of high incidence of breast cancer is 40 to 60-year-old woman. This stage is the age...

Breast Cancer Breast cancer accounted for 80 per cent. Prominent positions in the breast skin, breast relatively slow pace of development, this is the early detection of breast cancer favorable conditions. Some scholars believe that benign breast diseases are pre-cancerous lesions, such as chronic cystic breast disease, papilloma, nipple prolonged Buyu scaling, and keratosis acquired the nipple inverted, such as bleeding of the...

For more surgery for early breast cancer is a radical approach, the later of breast cancer band as a palliative treatment. Many methods of breast cancer surgery, all kinds of technique has its indications, as described in the following test:(1) applicable to radical operation Phase Ⅱ night and Ⅲ breast cancer.(2) applicable to simplify radical operation; ① Ⅰ and Ⅱ earlier period. ② lobular carcinoma in situ and ductal carcinoma;...

The exact cause of breast cancer has not been determined. Because the etiology of breast cancer may be related to a variety of factors, therefore, can only say that the incidence of breast cancer may be related to the following factors:(1) genetic susceptibility: family history of the survey data indicates that there is a family history of breast cancer incidence than those without a family history should be high. Especially in...

Breast cancer, the factors are as follows: (1) the real causes of breast cancer is not yet clear, only to understand the occurrence of breast cancer and endocrine, genetic, viral, immunologic, and environmental factors. At the same time clear that some factors and breast cancer are more closely related to these factors have also been described as a susceptibility factor, which includes: Any family history of breast cancer, especially...

Breast cancer is endangering the health of women malignant tumors, the incidence of breast cancer with misprision, after more poor characteristics. Breast cancer occurred mainly in the female, male rare, the incidence of women for men nearly a hundredfold. North America, is the Nordic regions with a high incidence of breast cancer, the incidence rate of about Asia, Africa, Latin America four times. Although China is the low areas...

Each of the new world of female breast cancer patients found that more than 1.3 million, oh desires of the women in each of 25 ~ 45 million. Breast cancer has become a threat to the health of women a major cancer types. According to the information released by the World Health Organization, in 1982 the world of breast cancer standardized incidence rate of about 11 to 80/10 million, the mortality rate is about 0.7 ~ 28.6/10 million....

Breast Fibroadenoma of the above symptoms, signs, diagnosis is not difficult, there are difficulties when feasible breast X-ray and B-ultrasonic examination, chest Perspective infrared inspection and, if necessary, to fine needle aspiration, to learn to check cells confirmed.Once the diagnosis of breast fibroadenoma, should visit local excision of the breast, more than can be cured. From time after relapse. Should be included...

1, mass. Most inadvertently discovered a breast tumor, 2 / 3 the size of the mass in the 1 cm-3cm, the individual reached 10 cm or more, up to 24 cm. In many parts of the breast above, mostly single, a few more hair, a round or oval-shaped, clear borders, smooth surface, with toughness, good activities, and the breast skin and no adhesion.2, and the pain is mostly painless mass, and only 14 percent had mild pain, or with intermittent...

Genetic breast cancer is not sensitive to the issue of breast cancer families from many facts to prove that the incidence of breast cancer is the existence of tendency of family history. Clinical often visible in the mother of breast cancer and breast cancer in daughters are opportunities than women to be more than 2-3 times, and age of onset about 10 to advance. The incidence is even more common among sisters Obviously, if the...

According to illness sooner or later breast cancer and different types of pathology, clinical performance is not the same. In addition to breast cancer lumps early, the overwhelming majority of patients do not have breast pain and cosmetic change. Breast cancer early, as single or multiple small lesions, and gradually increase, when the development of breast cancer to a certain degree before clinical symptoms appear.(1) mass:...

Thyroid disease-hyperthyroidism, goiter, to the beginning of the Bore hyperhidrosis irritability, loss of appetite, weight loss in the medium-term flustered, rapid heartbeat, fatigue way to insomnia, thick neck late, exophthalmos, tongue trembling hand, women do not menstruation tune.Improper treatment of hyperthyroidism, will be complicated by heart disease, diabetes, myasthenia gravis, cancer, liver disease. Research shows that...

Obstruction is more common in children during a disease caused by many reasons, a clinical paroxysmal abdominal cramps, vomiting, defecation or anal not exhaust for the main performance. Fever is not the specific performance of intestinal obstruction, but it can be found in many cases the intestinal obstruction. So under what circumstances this disease, there may be fever? Develop fever which issues they should pay attention to?Fever...

Nursing: fasting water, gastrointestinal decompression to relieve abdominal distention. Semi-supine posture elections, so as to reduce the pressure on the diaphragm. Closely observe the changes of the disease, if the disease increased. Should be vigilant strangulating intestinal obstruction occurred, timely surgical treatment.Prevention: the adhesive bowel obstruction in remission should pay attention to diet, not eating hard...

This is most concerned with the issue of breast fibroadenoma Although benign, there are a very small number of malignant transformation possible. Tianjin Tumor Hospital Liyunyang such reports, the hospital treatment in 1945-1990, a total of 10,316 cases of breast fibroadenoma both the pathological diagnosis and surgical resection, four cases of malignant breast fibroadenoma, breast fibroadenoma for the same period of 0.038 %....

All patients with suspected small bowel obstruction should be hospitalized, the treatment of acute intestinal obstruction and diagnosis must be at the same time. Treatment should be based on this fact: surgery on clear strangulating obstruction diagnosis is essential.Small bowel obstruction nasal catheter insertion, and to attract. Small bowel obstruction, using a long tube rather than surgery, a simple intubation aspiration can...

Various types of strangulating intestinal obstruction, gastro-intestinal cancer and congenital deformities caused by intestinal obstruction, as well as non-surgical treatment of patients null and void, to surgical treatment. Acute intestinal obstruction due to the patient's general condition often more serious, and the principle of operation is: surgery in the shortest possible time, the simplest way to disarm intestinal obstruction...

Based on the causes of intestinal obstruction, targeted to take certain preventive measures, which can effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence of bowel obstruction.1. Of patients suffering from abdominal hernia should be timely treatment to avoid incarceration, a strangulating obstruction.2. Strengthening health information, education and form good health habits. Prevention and treatment of intestinal ascariasis.3. Peritonitis...

1  lifting of the reasons for intestinal obstruction and restore intestinal patency. (1) bumpy therapy, applied early volvulus, adhesion caused by intestinal obstruction. Method: for patients who remain behind or the side, the patient abdominal relax ptosis, Hebao hands of those patients Fuxia, Picking up patients after abdominal suddenly relaxed, and gradually increase bumpy. Each row 3 to 5 minutes, rest 1 to 2 minutes, at...

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIP) is a neuromuscular disease intestine caused by intestinal motility disorders, recurrent or performance to the continued existence of intestinal obstruction without evidence of mechanical obstruction is a rare disease. In order to analyze the performance of the CIP clinical features and diagnostic methods. We Beijing Union Medical College Hospital from November 1978 to December 2000 CIP...

Obstruction is the main clinical manifestations of abdominal pain, vomiting, abdominal distension, no anus and no stool exhaust.(1) abdominal pain: simple mechanical intestinal obstruction is generally intense paroxysmal colic.(B) vomiting: vomiting in the obstruction can occur soon after, and then enter a period of quiescent, then vomiting of time depending on the site of obstruction.(C) abdominal distension: obstruction occurred...

(1) abdominal pain: general for the intense paroxysmal colic. Less pain began, and then her illness became more serious, reached a peak after colic, and the pain is gradually reduced until disappeared. Had a short break after the symptom onset again. Strangulating intestinal obstruction, abdominal pain often persistent pain with paroxysmal intensified.(2) and vomiting: obstruction early for reflection vomiting, and vomit for food...

1. Correct water, electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders: regardless surgical and non-surgical treatment to correct water, electrolyte and acid-base balance disorder is a very important measure. Is the most commonly used intravenous infusion of glucose solution, isotonic saline; such as obstruction has been in existence for a few days, and potassium to the high frequency of small bowel obstruction and vomiting patients is...

Paroxysmal abdominal cramps, vomiting, abdominal distension, and stop defecation, venting, intestinal, Chang Ming Yin hyperthyroidism, gas, the sound of water is the basis for the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. Finally, the X-ray examination can confirm that the clinical diagnosis. Therefore, inquired in detail about history of the development process, the systematic physical examination is extremely important. However,...

Identification of the two is very important, because the two obstruction in their prognosis and choice of treatment methods are completely different. Simple adhesion induced intestinal obstruction, should be the first choice of non-surgical treatment. Strangulating intestinal obstruction of the blood supply obstacles exist, intestinal necrosis have occurred at any time, the possibility of peritonitis, surgical treatment should...

Intestine, or bowel lesions caused by intestinal contents of obstacles, called intestinal obstruction. Cause intestinal obstruction due to a two categories, one category called mechanical intestinal obstruction, and more as intestinal atresia and stenosis, adhesion, intestinal tumors, intussusception, volvulus, and other causes. Another called functional bowel obstruction, and more as indigestion, colitis, peritonitis, pneumonia,...

Abdominal pain: for the performance of mechanical obstruction of paroxysmal abdominal colic, which is due to overcome the obstruction, caused by increased intestinal peristalsis, abdominal pain can be accompanied by attack Changming. If the period of intermittent abdominal pain shortened, or even become a persistent abdominal pain, may be strangulating intestinal obstruction performance.Vomiting: Early obstruction, was vomiting...

Abdominal signs: mechanical intestinal obstruction and intestinal peristalsis often visible wave. Volvulus, abdominal distension and more asymmetric. Paralytic ileus abdominal distension uniform; simple expansion of intestinal obstruction, mild tenderness. Strangulating intestinal obstruction can be fixed tenderness and muscle tension, a small number of sick could touch mass. Roundworm intestinal obstruction often touch on the...

Breast cancer is the most common symptom of breast lumps. Moreover, the mass is often the first symptom, breast asked about the total number of cases more than 95 percent, can promote tumor depends on the degree of tumor humid. Breast cancer early and mid-mass Department promoted, advanced liver block is not completely fixed easily promote.The second most common symptom is nipple discharge, occurred in about 10% of breast cancer...

In addition to breast cancer lumps early, the overwhelming majority of patients do not have breast pain and cosmetic change. Breast cancer early, as single or multiple small lesions, and gradually increase, when the development of breast cancer to a certain degree before clinical symptoms appear.(1) painless mass: is the most common clinical manifestations. Most patients due to the breast painless mass from hospital treatment....

Solid impact on the prognosis of breast cancer in many, their mutual relations complicated, it should be integrated various factors to estimate the prognosis of patients.The main factors affecting the prognosis in the following areas:(1)-Clinical storm;(2) Age: Case is generally believed that the younger the rapid development of tumors, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis;(3) the primary tumor size and local infiltration:...

Early diagnosis of breast cancer is very important, directly related to the prognosis of the disease, so the diagnosis process to master the following points;(1) history and asked: System asked history, can help us identify the various breast benign and malignant diseases of the necessary information. Encountered middle-aged and older patients, the tumor appeared to be asked the time, location, speed and growth have made the detection...

Familial:Those with family history of hereditary breast cancer can be expressed as two forms: as a mother suffering from breast cancer, her daughter has a good breast cancer, age at onset of light, and often occurred in amenorrhea, more bilateral; for another not a mother suffering from breast cancer, but in a family, there are at least two sisters with breast cancer, such families in the incidence of breast cancer than non-family...

Breast TB is supposed to come from? Pathogenesis of a four: First, direct contact, that is the nipple or breast tuberculosis skin wound infection directly. Second, blood infections, such as pulmonary tuberculosis, blood disseminated. Third, the spread of neighbouring TB lesions, such as ribs, sternum, pleural the spread of tuberculosis. Fourth, the lymphatic retrograde disseminated, ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes, neck retrograde...

Pathological types of breast cancer by means of tumor specimens pathological morphology, thereby determining the degree of development of breast cancer, sources, change of the degree of differentiation, and so on. Many types of breast cancer pathology, and some sources named the organization: as lobular carcinoma, ductal adenocarcinoma; some organizational characteristics of the lesions named: If medullary carcinoma, hardware...

Refers to a mechanical intestinal obstruction in patients with clinical manifestations, Caesarean section inspection found only mesocaval expansion blocking lesions. Pseudo-obstruction common causes are:① intestinal smooth muscle disease;② myenteric plexus lesion;③ collagen disease (systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis);④ nerve lesions (muscle tension malnutrition, Parkinson's disease);⑤ endocrine diseases (myxedema, pheochromocytoma);⑥...

[Causes pathological]Obstruction more simple reason for the tumor and inflammation narrow minority of elderly stool for obstruction. Most parts obstruction sigmoid colon and the rectum is regional.[Clinical]Abdominal distention, abdominal pain and constipation are the main clinical symptoms, nausea and vomiting for minor symptoms. See physical abdominal distention, abdominal compression is still under soft, no obvious tenderness,...

[Summary]Neural ileus (Neurosis Intestinal Obstruction) also known as spastic bowel obstruction, functional bowel obstruction, power intestinal obstruction, Shell homes Mishiji disease, the physician Chercherski levy from the first description of the Soviet Union is also known as the Chercnerski disease. China also reported a small number of cases, the actual levy is not uncommon.[Diagnosis]Asked detailed history and physical...

Caused by adhesions is the primary cause of intestinal obstruction, about 40-60% of intestinal obstruction. Adhesions in the abdominal wall and bowel or intestine and bowel between. The formation of adhesions in abdominal surgery, a small number of intra-abdominal inflammation caused. Adhesion to intestinal distorts normal course changes, intestinal contents through these adhesion sites, will be moving in the direction of radical...

Paralytic ileus (dynamic obstruction) is due to the normal contraction of intestinal movement arising from the suspension of a bowel obstruction.With the same mechanical obstruction, paralytic ileus also in the intestinal content of the campaign to stop the gastro-intestinal tract. However, mechanical obstruction difference is that the paralytic ileus were rare cause of intestinal perforation.Paralytic ileus reasons infection,...

Strangulated small bowel obstruction due to common diseases: reversed, hernia, such as adhesion and invagination. As a small mesenteric involvement, loop activities have been pinned down. Limited extension, and hence loop to a fixed location aggregation performance. Circulatory disturbance caused by bowel wall thickening wall, mucosal fold thickening, enteral fluid, such as high surface change. Closed loop of bowel obstruction,...

Various types of intestinal obstruction due to the following reasons;(1) mechanical intestinal obstruction(1) parenteral factors: ① adhesion and adhesion with oppression. Adhesions can cause intestinal folding, reverse, resulting in obstruction. Congenital adhesions seen more children because of abdominal surgery and intraperitoneal adhesions, the inflammation was particularly prevalent in adults. ② incarcerated hernia, or hernia....

Colon, rectal cancer is a common cancer in the elderly one, as the special characteristics of the incidence, clinical, is likely to result in misdiagnosis. Now its early performance on the following: Food absorption in the small intestine is to be completed until the food arrived in the colon and rectum, has become excretion of waste. People swallow food, first through the small intestine right colon, and then to the left colon,...

Health acute appendicitis at any age can be a stage, is the most common surgical disease one. Characterized by symptoms of right lower quadrant pain continued, rapid development illness. Should be treated early, which normally takes emergency surgery to be cured, or else they may lead to complications such as perforation. Health acute appendicitis operation after six hours, it is desirable semi-supine, to facilitate drainage and...