Intestinal obstruction refers to the content of normal delivery for some reason blocked, And the result, some completely fail, leading to systemic physiological disorder. The reasons for the cause intestinal obstruction: (1) mechanical, such as incarcerated hernia, intestinal adhesion, intestinal tumor, intestinal stenosis, volvulus, intussusception; (2) dynamic, such as those for paralytic intestinal wall muscles Sympathetic excited by temporarily inhibited intestinal weakness, bowel contents can not run down, was particularly prevalent in the general hydropower disordered and peritonitis; spastic muscles are temporarily contraction for the intestinal wall, resulting lumen stenosis, the contents can not run down (3) vascular: mostly superior mesenteric artery thrombosis, portal vein thrombosis or its extension into those. Common acute abdomen surgery for intestinal obstruction one. [Diagnosis] (1) mechanical intestinal obstruction: for the common cause of abdominal hernia incarcerated, adhesive intestinal obstruction, volvulus, intestinal tumor, intussusception in children, intestinal roundworm, etc. 1. Clinical manifestations: obstruction due to location, nature, whether complete and different. (1) abdominal pain:or total abdominal pain, a persistent, and paroxysmal heavier, can add a colic. Incomplete, abdominal pain lighter, slower development. Strangulated to rapid onset. (2) and vomiting: pain soon have frequent vomiting, such as high obstruction, vomiting most of the contents of gastric juice and bile. If abdominal pain 1-2 days before vomiting, of fecal stench from the intestinal contents, or node for low intestinal obstruction. Partial obstruction vomiting weighing not. (3) abdominal distension: According to different parts obstruction, the extent and abdominal distension sooner or later also not entirely the same. Low small intestine or colon completely obstruction, or chronic abdominal distension partial obstruction Obviously, high abdominal distension of small bowel obstruction lighter. (4) anal stop defecation, exhaust: complete intestinal obstruction, anal stop defecation, exhaust, and some intestinal obstruction anal still a small amount of exhaust or defecation. (5) physical examination: fever, pulse by fast, and even shock, there are limitations abdominal tenderness, muscle tension, anti-, interleukin 15 x109 / L may strangulating obstruction. There abdominal intestinal type, all have abdominal tenderness, but no muscle tension,Music hyperthyroidism can be heard acoustic gas for a simple obstruction or partial obstruction. 2. X-ray examination: abdominal plain film examination, Li film that a number of small intestine-and low for small bowel obstruction; supine, as seen "fish ribs thorn" for the high levy small bowel obstruction, in colorectal colon obstruction cavity is obvious that expansion these bags can also be found in the colon. 3. Blood tests: blood and blood tests to help understand whether the strangulating obstruction and water and electrolyte imbalance. (B) paralytic ileus: found serious systemic infection such as sepsis, severe abdominal infections such as peritonitis, major abdominal surgery, such as water and electrolyte imbalance. 1. Clinical manifestations (1) persistent pain or abdominal pain, abdominal distention, nausea, vomiting, defecation anal stop, the exhaust. (2) general condition weakened, the entire abdominal, mild tenderness without fixed tenderness,sound weak or disappeared. 2. X-ray: small intestine, colon all Flatulence, stomach bubble expands, and less liquid plane, a continuity with intestinal Qu, retroperitoneal fat lines disappear. [Treatment] (A) support therapy: for paralytic ileus or mechanical obstruction of preoperative or postoperative support early treatment. 1. Fasting. 2. Placed gastric tube and suction decompression, recording drainage. 3. Maintaining nutrition and water and electrolyte-value: Available total parenteral nutrition supplement compound amino acids and high glucose electrolyte solution, and for daily blood tests. 4. Anti-infection: Application of broad-spectrum antibiotics or metronidazole. (B) Surgical treatment Indication: (1) simple obstruction of improved gastrointestinal decompression; (2) strangulating intestinal obstruction: (3) chronic intestinal obstruction; (4) tumor caused intestinal obstruction; (6) volvulus (6 ) congenital intestinal abnormalities; (7) adhesion with repression, and (8) or abdominal wall hernia caused intra-abdominal hernia or strangulating intestinal incarcerated persons. Operation: laparotomy lifting obstruction, removal causes. For those small bowel necrosis bowel resection anastomosis, the colon tumor necrosis or after resection of the proximal external ostomy
